Heavy silt deposits give illusion Attabad is ‘drying up’

RECENT photos and videos of the Attabad Lake in Gilgit-Baltistan seem to show that the size of the water body has shrunken considerably. But the phenomenon at play here is not a drying-up of the lake, rather heavy silt and sedimentation encroaching on the lake bed, according to an i Verify fact check published on Friday. Known as GB’s “crown jewel” and a major tourist attraction, the lake was formed after the Attabad village in the Gojal Valley witnessed a major landslide on January 4, 2010. Recent visuals of the lake have had netizens talking, showing large parts of its once-turquoise waters replaced by dry, exposed land. Many raised concerns over a “visible decline in water levels”, linking it to environmental degradation, while other argued that the apparent drying was a usual phenomenon. Jamil Nagri, Dawn’s correspondent in Gilgit, confirmed the authenticity of the visuals circulating on social media. But the size of the lake, which is not a natural water body, rather a landslide-dammed reservoir, is susceptible to influence from factors such as inf­lows from multiple sources and outflow management thro­ugh spillways constructed to reduce pressure on the natural dam. According to a 2024 research paper authored by personnel from the China Geological Surv­­ey, a gradual reduction in the lake’s surface area had been ob­­served between 2010 and 2020. According to the authors of the story, titled Changes in the Hydrological Characteristics of the Attabad Landslide-Dammed Lake on the Karakoram Highway, sediment accumulated in the lake’s upstream northern estuary as the water body evolved over time, increasing the extent of exposed sediment deposits and altering the surrounding landscape. “Because of its proximity to the source of the Hunza River, the lake experiences rapid silting. Over time, this natural se­­dimentation gradually shrinks the active water area and alters the surrounding landscape,” the paper noted. The study observed that chan­­ges in the lake became l