Data Center Operators Are Trying to Fix Their Water Use Problems
Key takeaways
- It isn’t the only tech company trying to assess how water scarcity might impact its business.
- Data centers primarily use water to cool server racks, which throw off massive amounts of heat.
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory predicted in a 2024 report that hyperscale data centers could consume up to 33 billion gallons of water by 2030 if they relied heavily on evaporative cooling.
Why this matters: a development in AI with implications for how people work, create, and decide.
Photograph: Jason Doiy/Getty Images Comment Loader Save Story Save this story Comment Loader Save Story Save this story On Monday, Space X amended its initial public offering to state that water conditions—including water scarcity, regulations around water, and drought—could constrain data center development.
It isn’t the only tech company trying to assess how water scarcity might impact its business. Water use is emerging as one of the most contentious data center issues. A recent Gallup poll found that seven out of 10 Americans are opposed to data center development, with water scarcity ranking as the top resource concern. Facing increasingly fierce resistance, some tech companies are scrambling to assure the public that they’re facing the issue head-on.
Data centers primarily use water to cool server racks, which throw off massive amounts of heat. One popular technique, known as evaporative cooling, uses fresh water to absorb the heat, which is then pumped to cooling towers where it evaporates outside.